Christine Swanson, MD, MCR, a faculty member at the University of Colorado Department of Medicine, presented her research on whether adequate sleep can help prevent osteoporosis at the department’s annual Research Day. Osteoporosis can occur due to various factors, and Swanson highlighted the importance of exploring novel risk factors like sleep in understanding the condition.
Bone density reaches its peak in early to mid-20s, and thereafter, bone density tends to remain stable for a couple of decades before declining. Sleep patterns also change with age, with total sleep time decreasing and the composition of sleep altering. Circadian phase preference, indicating when individuals prefer to sleep and wake up, also shifts across the lifespan for both men and women.
Swanson explained that genes controlling the internal clock are present in all bone cells, affecting bone resorption and formation. Changes in markers of bone turnover follow a daily rhythm, with potential implications for bone metabolism. Disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms can impact bone health, potentially leading to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk.
Swanson and her colleagues investigated how markers of bone turnover respond to cumulative sleep restriction and circadian disruption in a controlled inpatient environment. The study mimicked the stresses of rotating night shift work and showed detrimental changes in bone turnover markers in both men and women, with younger individuals experiencing greater decline in markers of bone formation.
The research findings suggest that inadequate sleep can lead to reduced bone formation and potentially increased bone resorption, posing a risk for bone loss and osteoporosis. Younger women may be particularly susceptible to the negative effects of poor sleep on bone health. Further research is ongoing to continue exploring the relationship between sleep, circadian rhythms, and bone health.
Swanson’s research underscores the importance of understanding the impact of sleep on bone health, particularly in younger individuals. By investigating how sleep patterns and circadian disruptions affect bone turnover markers, researchers can gain insights into potential strategies for preventing osteoporosis and reducing fracture risk. Ongoing research in this area is crucial for developing interventions to promote better bone health through improved sleep habits and circadian rhythm management.
