In a recent study published in Circulation, researchers have identified a protein marker that can help identify cells capable of repopulating in patients with damaged blood vessels. This discovery could potentially lead to new therapies for individuals with endothelial dysfunction, a condition that contributes to coronary artery disease. Endothelial dysfunction can result in blocked arteries that are unable to carry sufficient blood to the heart tissue, potentially leading to heart attacks.
The researchers found that endothelial cells expressing a protein called ABCG2 have the potential to form colonies, self-renew, and create new blood vessels. These cells were able to contribute to the repair of damaged blood vessels in heart tissue following a heart attack. By analyzing the genes and proteins in these cells, the researchers identified specific pathways involved in blood vessel formation and tissue regeneration. They discovered that ABCG2, which is involved in blood vessel development, is more active in these cells compared to others, suggesting that these specific endothelial cells have the potential to be used in repairing damaged blood vessels.
The protein marker identified by the researchers was found to be present in both mouse and human subjects, making it particularly important for future study. Few markers have been identified that allow for the prospective isolation of endothelial cells with reparative properties in both mice and humans, making this discovery significant for potential therapeutic applications. The researchers have been studying these endothelial cells for over seven years and additional experiments and studies are needed to further understand the functions and mechanisms of these cells.
In order to advance the potential therapeutic use of these cells, further research is needed to develop methods for applying them in treating vascular damage and diseases. Clinical trials will be necessary to validate the therapeutic efficacy of these cells and explore how they can be administered to patients. The discovery of this protein marker and the identification of endothelial cells with reparative properties represent an important step towards developing new treatments for individuals with endothelial dysfunction and other vascular diseases.
