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Puerto Rico is currently facing a significant increase in dengue fever cases, prompting the Health Secretary to declare a public health emergency in an effort to combat the outbreak. This declaration, set to last 90 days, aims to ensure that the necessary resources are available to address the rising number of cases. This move follows similar actions taken by other Latin American countries dealing with dengue fever outbreaks.

The Puerto Rico Department of Health first noticed a rise in dengue fever cases at the end of 2023, with numbers exceeding those seen in previous years. By March 10, at least 549 cases had been reported on the island, with the majority occurring in the capital of San Juan. While most patients experienced mild symptoms, about 62% required hospitalization. No fatalities have been reported so far, but severe cases of dengue fever can be life-threatening and may lead to complications like shock and internal bleeding.

Symptoms of dengue fever include fever, headaches, nausea, vomiting, rash, and body pain. While most patients recover within a week, those who have previously had dengue are more likely to develop severe symptoms. Additionally, a person can contract dengue fever multiple times in their lifetime, once for each type of virus that causes the disease. This underscores the importance of preventative measures such as using mosquito repellents and keeping mosquito breeding sites like stagnant water in check.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been collaborating with local authorities in Puerto Rico to implement a comprehensive dengue fever prevention and control plan. This plan includes efforts to eliminate mosquito breeding grounds and encourage the public to use protective measures like mosquito repellents and wire mesh panels. Health Secretary Mellado emphasized the need for all sectors of society to work together to prevent the spread of the virus and protect public health.

This is not the first time Puerto Rico has faced a dengue fever epidemic; the last outbreak occurred in 2012 and resulted in the deaths of at least 199 people. Given the potentially severe consequences of dengue fever, it is crucial for authorities and communities to remain vigilant in their efforts to prevent and control the disease. By taking proactive measures and raising awareness about the importance of mosquito control, Puerto Rico hopes to mitigate the impact of this current outbreak and safeguard public health.

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